Element Beryllium, Be, Alkaline Earth Metal. Occupies the same position among the alkaline earth metals as lithium does among the alkali metals. Its combining weight is the smallest, and its similarity to the other elements of the group is least. Its properties exhibit a distinct tendency towards the next group, that of the earth metals. The combining weight of beryllium amounts to 9. Besides the typical divalent ion Be. Beryllion forms various salts, of which the chloride, Be. And the sulphate, Be.

Element Boron, B, Metalloid. Among the non-metallic elements, boron. Containing carbon, and obtained from the two elements at a very high temperature, is of a similar character, and also possesses an adamantine hardness. This also ought most probably to be regarded as a solid solution, and not as a chemical compound. The combining weight of boron is B. Have been known of for thousands of years. Century a substance was disengaged from burah. Which was called boronic acid. And Davy called it boron.

Element Carbon, C, Non Metal. Sugar charcoal is much purer than wood charcoal, because in it the presence can easily be avoided of non-volatile impurities which are present in the case of wood charcoal, and which, on complete combustion, remain behind as a grey powder, the ash. The properties of this form of carbon are the well-known black colour, a small density, easy combustibility, small conductivity for heat and electricity, and a low degree of hardness. From ancient times are amorphous carbon.

Element Fluorine, F, Halogene. To the group of halogen elements there must also be added the element fluorine, which differs in its properties more widely from the other three than these from one another. It exhibits, however, still fewer relationships with the rest of the elements, and is, therefore, most suitably classed along with the halogens. Compounds of fluorine are fairly widely distributed in nature. It occurs in small quantity in many rocks, and its calcium compound, fluorspar, is a very ab.

Element Helium, He, Noble Gas. In 1871 Lockyer explained it by the presence of a new element in the Sun. On 26 March 1895 British chemist William Ramsay isolated helium. Observed in the spectrum of the Sun.

Element Lithium, Li, Alkali Metal. From the compounds of the other alkali metals, those of lithium were distinguished by Arfvedson in 1817. Elementary lithium was first prepared in 1855 by Bunsen and Matthiessen, by the electrolysis of the chloride. Like the other alkali metals, lithium forms a monovalent, colourless ion Li. He also showed that this element is found within the minerals spodumene. By its geochemical properties lithium belongs.

Element Neon, Ne, Noble Gas. Was discovered in 1898 by Scottish chemist William Ramsay and English chemist Morris W. Travers, when Ramsay chilled a sample of the atmosphere until it became a liquid, then warmed the liquid and captured the gases as they boiled off. The spectral analysis showed the presence of new three gases which were krypton, xenon, and neon. I should like to call it Novum. Is supplied by natural waters.

Element Nitrogen, N, Non Metal. There is present in the air, besides oxygen, another substance which constitutes the greater part both by weight and by volume. From the fact that the residue of the air after removal of the oxygen can support neither combustion nor life, it was called azote, but it is now called nitrogen. Its chemical symbol is N. Its combining weight is N. Is in so far of especia.

Element Oxygen, O, Non Metal. Joseph Priestley was generally acknowledged as the discoverer of oxygen. By heating it via the sun rays focused on it by powerful lens. However Priestley first did not realize that he discovered a new substance. He supposed that he just separated one of the components. Priestley informed Antoine Laurent Lavoisier about his discovery. Is the most abundant element on the Earth; i.